| HIV/AIDS |
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HIV/AIDS has been in existence in the Republic of Somaliland since late 1992, but this was only publicised in 1995. In 1999 the first survey indicated that 0.9 % of Somaliland’s population of approximately 3.5 million people were HIV positive. In 2006 the second survey indicated that 1.4% of pregnant mothers were HIV positive. The lack of statistical data available makes it difficult to determine exact prevalence rates currently in Somaliland but the evidence shows that prevalence is increasing rapidly, particularly among certain high risk groups.
There are a number of factors which are attributed to the rising prevalence rates and which will continue fuelling rises unless action is taken to address their impact:
- The return of Internally Displaced People from neighbouring countries.
- The increase of large container traffic to and from the seaport of Berbera and the promiscuous lifestyle of the lorry drivers and seamen.
- The potential for unrest on the Horn of Africa.
- Population growth rates.
Orphans and Vulnerable Children
Children, particularly vulnerable children and orphans, are disproportionately affected by the prevailing harsh conditions in Somaliland. Psychologically, economically and socially they suffer great hardship as a result of being at the bottom of what is already a highly disadvantaged society. Reducing marginalization lowers the risk of social unrest and increases the chances of social stability and peace.
After 15 years of civil war, seasoned with crushing poverty, displacement, recurrent natural disasters and growing increase of parent’s death from HIV/AIDS, the need for OVC psychosocial support is apparent to most observers. There are however, few programs in Somaliland that address the psychosocial needs of OVCs. Gargaar currently provides free basic education and psychosocial support to OVC’s in Hargeisa.
Prevention of Mother to Child Transmission
PMTCT is to be incorporated in Gargaar’s HIV/AIDS project. Knowledge of the facts of HIV/AIDS is low therefore Gargaar works to educate MCH workers on how to best prevent transmission of HIV/AIDS between the mother and child and encourage early testing for mothers to know their status. In cases where pregnant women are HIV positive Gargaar facilitates access to treatment and drugs and provides counselling and assistance to help these women and their families cope with this enormous difficulty.
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